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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
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For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
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Configurationally Random Polythiophene for Improved Polymer Ordering and Charge-Transporting Ability.

Henry Opoku1, Ji Hyeon Lee1, Benjamin Nketia-Yawson1

  • 1Department of Energy and Materials Engineering and Research Center for Photoenergy Harvesting & Conversion Technology (phct), Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Synthesizing random polythiophene polymers with optimized monomer ratios enhances intermolecular interactions and charge transport. This leads to improved performance in organic field-effect transistors, achieving high hole mobility.

Keywords:
chemical structure tuningorganic field-effect transistorpolymer orderingpolythiophenerandom configurationsemiconducting conjugated polymer

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Organic Electronics

Background:

  • Random polythiophene polymers exhibit limited charge transport due to twisted monomer units and poor packing.
  • Untailored monomer sequences in polythiophenes hinder close chain packing and reduce electronic performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To improve charge transport in random polythiophene polymers.
  • To enhance intermolecular interactions and crystallite formation through microstructural tuning.
  • To investigate the performance of optimized random polythiophenes in organic field-effect transistors.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of random polythiophene polymers using Stille coupling polymerization.
  • Attuning the ratio of alkyl-substituted to nonalkyl-substituted monomer units.
  • Characterization of polymer microstructure, intermolecular interactions, and crystallite properties.
  • Fabrication and testing of solid-state electrolyte-gated organic field-effect transistors.

Main Results:

  • Optimized random polythiophenes showed enhanced intermolecular interaction and larger crystallite sizes compared to regiorandom and regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene).
  • The optimized polymers exhibited a stronger tendency for edge orientation.
  • Organic field-effect transistors utilizing the optimized random polythiophene achieved a high hole mobility of 4.52 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹.

Conclusions:

  • Microstructural tuning of random polythiophene synthesis can significantly improve charge transport properties.
  • Optimized random polythiophenes offer superior performance in organic electronics applications.
  • This approach provides a viable route to high-performance organic semiconductor materials.