Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Effects of Surgical Masks on Cardiopulmonary Function in Healthy Subjects
06:57

Effects of Surgical Masks on Cardiopulmonary Function in Healthy Subjects

Published on: February 12, 2021

3.5K

Cardiovascular changes in children with obstructive sleep apnea and obesity after treatment with noninvasive

Valerie G Kirk1, Heather Edgell2, Hitesh Joshi2

  • 1Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
|August 19, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for children with obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) slightly lowered heart rate and improved arousal-related heart rate variability, suggesting potential cardiovascular benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

Background:

  • Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children increase cardiometabolic disease risk.
  • Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a common treatment for OSA in children with obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of NIV on heart rate variability (HRV) in children with obesity and newly diagnosed OSA.
  • HRV serves as a marker for cardiovascular risk.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective multicenter cohort study of children with obesity and moderate-severe OSA treated with NIV.
  • HRV measured via polysomnography at baseline and 12 months.
  • Analysis included sleep stages and events (arousal, desaturation).

Main Results:

  • Twelve children completed the study.
  • NIV treatment led to a 4.5 beats/min decrease in heart rate.
  • No overall change in HRV parameters, but increased arousal-related sympathetic-parasympathetic balance observed.

Conclusions:

  • NIV treatment in children with obesity and OSA shows small, potentially positive effects on cardiovascular risk.
  • Observed changes include reduced heart rate and altered arousal-related autonomic balance.
Abstract

Keywords:
adolescentbilevel positive airway pressurecontinuous positive airway pressureyouth

More Related Videos

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction08:35

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Published on: August 17, 2022

2.9K
A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans09:54

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

Published on: December 22, 2016

9.2K

Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
363
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
406
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
367
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure

Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue,...
476
Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation01:25

Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation

Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...
2.0K
Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
485