Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hierarchy of Motor Control

Hierarchy of Motor Control

The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.

Velocity and Position by Graphical Method

Velocity and Position by Graphical Method

Velocity and position can be calculated from the known function of acceleration as a function of time. The total area under the acceleration-time graph and the velocity-time graph gives the change in velocity and position, respectively. In the case of an airplane, its acceleration is tracked using the inertial navigation system. The pilot provides the input of the airplane's initial position and velocity before takeoff. The inertial navigation system then uses the acceleration data to...

Two-Dimensional Force System: Problem Solving

Two-Dimensional Force System: Problem Solving

Solving problems related to two-dimensional force systems is an essential aspect of mechanics and engineering. By applying the principles of vector analysis and force equilibrium, one can determine the effect of multiple forces acting on an object in a two-dimensional space.
The first step to solving a two-dimensional force system problem is to draw a free-body diagram of the object under consideration. This diagram helps identify all the external forces acting on the object, including their...

Fluid Movement Between Compartments

Fluid Movement Between Compartments

The force applied by fluids against a surface, known as hydrostatic pressure, initiates the transfer of fluid among different compartments. Within our blood vessels, the blood's hydrostatic pressure is a result of the heart's pumping action. At the arteriolar end of capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (capillary blood pressure) exceeds the opposing colloid osmotic pressure created primarily by plasma proteins like albumin. This discrepancy in pressure propels plasma and nutrients from the...

Three-Dimensional Force System:Problem Solving

Three-Dimensional Force System:Problem Solving

A three-dimensional force system refers to a scenario in which three forces act simultaneously in three different directions. This type of problem is commonly encountered in physics and engineering, where it is necessary to calculate the resultant force on the system, which can then be used to predict or analyze the behavior of the object or structure under consideration.
To solve a three-dimensional force system, first resolve each force into its respective scalar components. Do this using...

Open and closed-loop control systems

Open and closed-loop control systems

Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Perturbation Recovery Time Identifies Subtle Human Balance Impairments and Features.

IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering·2026

Same author

Estimating Magnetic Field at Joint Centers Reduces Kinematic Errors in Inertial Motion Capture.

Research square·2026

Same author

GaitDynamics: a generative foundation model for analyzing human walking and running.

Nature biomedical engineering·2026

Same author

Detecting artificially impaired balance in human locomotion: metrics, perturbation effects and detection thresholds.

The Journal of experimental biology·2025

Same author

GaitDynamics: A Generative Foundation Model for Analyzing Human Walking and Running.

Research square·2025

Same author

AddBiomechanics Dataset: Capturing the Physics of Human Motion at Scale.

Computer vision - ECCV ... : ... European Conference on Computer Vision : proceedings. European Conference on Computer Vision·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control

Published on: August 15, 2020

Visualizing Movement Control Optimization Landscapes.

Perttu Hamalainen, Juuso Toikka, Amin Babadi

IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics

|August 21, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study visualizes complex movement control optimization landscapes, revealing why optimization is challenging. Techniques like early termination and specific parameterizations simplify this process for animation research.

More Related Videos

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

Integrating Visual Psychophysical Assays within a Y-Maze to Isolate the Role that Visual Features Play in Navigational Decisions

Integrating Visual Psychophysical Assays within a Y-Maze to Isolate the Role that Visual Features Play in Navigational Decisions

Published on: May 2, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 11, 2025

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control

Published on: August 15, 2020

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

Integrating Visual Psychophysical Assays within a Y-Maze to Isolate the Role that Visual Features Play in Navigational Decisions

Integrating Visual Psychophysical Assays within a Y-Maze to Isolate the Role that Visual Features Play in Navigational Decisions

Published on: May 2, 2019

Area of Science:

Computer Graphics
Robotics
Animation

Background:

Movement control optimization is crucial in animation and robotics.
Limited understanding exists due to the lack of closed-form objective functions.

Purpose of the Study:

To visualize high-dimensional control optimization landscapes.
To understand challenges in movement control optimization.
To evaluate common optimization practices.

Main Methods:

Novel visualizations of optimization landscapes.
Analysis of neural network training.
Empirical data collection on trajectory and policy optimization.

Main Results:

Visualizations reveal optimization difficulties.
Early termination and spline parameterizations ease optimization.
Partial target state parameterization acts as a preconditioner.
Neural network policy optimization scales better for long horizons.

Conclusions:

Movement control optimization is complex but can be simplified.
Visualizations offer insights into optimization challenges.
Neural network policies show promise for long-term planning in animation.