Nutritional Therapy for Asian Patients at Risk for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Hyunjung Lim1,2, Jieun Kim2, Do-Yeon Kim2
1Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea.
Insights
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is rising in Asia due to lifestyle changes. This review explores evidence-based nutrition therapies to prevent and manage ASCVD in Asian populations.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) burden is increasing globally, particularly in Asian countries over the past two decades.
- This rise is linked to complex genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors, including diet, obesity, and hypertension.
- Existing nutritional therapies and research for ASCVD in Asian populations are insufficient.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current nutritional guidelines and landmark studies on ASCVD management and prevention.
- To summarize evidence-based nutrition therapy strategies tailored for Asian subjects.
- To address the gap in research and clinical practice regarding nutrition for ASCVD in Asia.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current nutritional guidelines.
- Analysis of findings from landmark studies on ASCVD prevention and management.
- Synthesis of evidence-based nutrition recommendations for Asian populations.
Main Results:
- Identified key risk factors for ASCVD in Asia, including cholesterol, glucose, obesity, blood pressure, and smoking.
- Highlighted the critical role of nutrition as a modifiable risk factor.
- Found a lack of specific, evidence-based nutritional strategies for ASCVD in Asian patients.
Conclusions:
- There is an urgent need for tailored, evidence-based nutritional interventions for ASCVD prevention and management in Asian countries.
- Further research focusing on Asian populations is crucial to develop effective dietary strategies.
- Optimizing nutrition can significantly impact the growing ASCVD burden in Asia.
Abstract:
The burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains high worldwide, and its prevalence has increased in Asian countries over the last two decades. The increase in ASCVD may arise from complex interactions between genetic and lifestyle/environmental factors. Abnormal blood cholesterol levels, elevated blood glucose, obesity, elevated blood pressure, smoking, and family history are common risk factors of ASCVD. There is an increased burden of ASCVD in Asian countries, maybe due to rapid economic development and lifestyle changes in these countries. Nutrition is one of the major modifiable risk factors for ASCVD. Despite this, there are insufficient nutritional therapies for prevention and management of ASCVD in Asian patients. There is also a lack of relevant research in Asian populations. In this review, we describe the current nutritional guidelines and the findings from previous landmark studies regarding management and/or prevention of ASCVD. We also summarize the recommendations regarding evidence-based nutrition therapy/management strategies that may be effective in Asian subjects to prevent onset and/or to treat ASCVD.
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