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Technical note: Development of regression equations to reassociate upper limb bones from commingled contexts.

Ioanna Anastopoulou1, Fotios Alexandros Karakostis2, Constantine Eliopoulos3

  • 1Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, Athens, 11527, Greece.

Forensic Science International
|August 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed regression equations to reassociate commingled upper limb bones (scapulae, humeri, ulnae, radii) using anthropological measurements. Combining metric and morphoscopic methods ensures reliable identification in forensic anthropology.

Keywords:
ComminglingForensic anthropologyOsteometric sortingReassociationRegression analysisUpper limb bones

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Anthropology
  • Bioarchaeology
  • Human Osteology

Background:

  • Upper limb bones (scapulae, humeri, ulnae, radii) are vital for sex determination and stature estimation.
  • Reassociating commingled skeletal remains is crucial in forensic investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop regression equations for sorting commingled human upper limb skeletal elements.
  • To enhance individual attribution in forensic cases involving fragmented remains.

Main Methods:

  • Performed ten anthropological linear measurements on articular surfaces of 222 adult skeletons from the Athens Collection.
  • Developed simple and multiple regression equations for bone sorting.
  • Conducted blind tests combining metric and morphoscopic sorting techniques.

Main Results:

  • Developed functions for sorting adjoining bones showed strong positive linear relationships (r=0.69-0.93, p<0.05).
  • High determination coefficients (r²=0.47-0.86) and low standard errors of the estimate (SEE=0.88-1.61) were observed.
  • Combined metric and morphoscopic techniques proved reliable for sorting upper limb elements.

Conclusions:

  • The developed regression equations provide a reliable method for sorting commingled upper limb bones.
  • Combined metric and morphoscopic approaches significantly improve the accuracy of skeletal element reassociation in forensic contexts.