Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 11, 2025
07:50
A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
Published on: September 20, 2018
16.3K
Epidemic retinitis and community outbreaks.
Ankush Kawali1, Sanjay Srinivasan1, Padmamalini Mahendradas1
1Department of Uveitis and Ocular Immunology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India.
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|August 23, 2020
Summary
This study found no direct correlation between epidemic retinitis (ER) and most community outbreaks, suggesting dengue may be a less common cause of ER. Enhanced reporting of rickettsial infections is recommended.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Epidemic retinitis (ER) is an ocular condition with varying etiologies.
- Understanding the relationship between ER and concurrent community disease outbreaks is crucial for public health.
- Seasonal patterns of ER and their correlation with infectious disease outbreaks require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the seasonal variation of epidemic retinitis (ER) in South India.
- To correlate the incidence of ER with concurrent community outbreaks reported by the Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP).
Main Methods:
- A retrospective, observational, comparative study was conducted from 2009 to 2020.
- Monthly ER case data were compared with IDSP-reported outbreaks of various infectious diseases.
- Graphical analysis was used to compare temporal patterns of ER and community outbreaks.
Main Results:
- Epidemic retinitis (ER) was diagnosed in 163 patients, with rickettsial infections suspected in 29.44%.
- No outbreak graph patterns were identical or similar to the ER graph.
- An inverse relationship was observed between dengue outbreaks and ER incidence.
Conclusions:
- The inverse correlation between dengue and ER warrants further investigation to establish causation.
- Dengue may be a less common cause of epidemic retinitis (ER).
- Improved reporting of rickettsial outbreaks through enhanced awareness and diagnostic testing is recommended.
Related Concept Videos
01:18Steps in Outbreak Investigation
405
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
405
01:22Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
8.3K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
8.3K
01:26Principles of Disease Surveillance
377
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
377
01:20Infection
11.3K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
11.3K
01:25Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
241
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
241
01:08Prevalence and Incidence
1.3K
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
1.3K