Development and Optimization of Djulis Sourdough Bread Using Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis
Pei-Ling Chung1, Ean-Tun Liaw1, Mohsen Gavahian1
1Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu 91201, Pingtung, Taiwan.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 23, 2020
Summary
This study optimized djulis sourdough bread using Taguchi grey relational analysis. The best formula achieved superior texture, color, and sensory qualities, paving the way for commercial production.
Area of Science:
- Food Science and Technology
- Nutritional Science
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Naturally fermented sourdough bakery products offer enhanced flavor and nutrition.
- Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum), a nutrient-rich grain cultivated in Taiwan, presents unique properties for food applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel djulis sourdough bread.
- To optimize baking parameters for djulis sourdough bread using a combination of Taguchi method and grey theory.
Main Methods:
- A Taguchi experiment design (L16(4)5) was employed, evaluating five factors: djulis sourdough, hulled djulis, oil type, flour blend, and honey.
- Optimization was guided by grey relational analysis, assessing texture profile analysis, color analysis, and sensory evaluation data.
Main Results:
- The optimal formula (A3B1C1D2E2) was determined as 20% djulis sourdough, 0% hulled djulis, 8% unsalted butter, 80% wheat flour + 20% high-gluten flour, and 10% honey.
- This combination yielded djulis sourdough bread with superior texture, color, and sensory attributes.
Conclusions:
- Taguchi grey relational analysis effectively optimized djulis sourdough bread formulation.
- The developed djulis sourdough bread shows significant potential for commercialization and industry reference.
Keywords:
Taguchi grey relational analysisbakery productsbreaddjulisfood qualityoptimizationproduct developmentsensory attributessourdoughtexture profile analysisMore Related Videos
09:12Optimization of Processing of Tiebangchui with Highland Barley Wine Based on the Box-Behnken Design Combined with the Entropy Method
Published on: May 19, 2023
1.1K
05:45Author Spotlight: Process Development for the Spray-Drying of Probiotic Bacteria and Evaluation of the Product Quality
Published on: April 7, 2023
4.1K
Related Concept Videos
01:24Factors Affecting Workability
220
The workability of concrete is a critical characteristic that influences the ease of mixing, handling, and finishing the concrete. It is affected by several factors including water content, aggregate properties, and admixtures like air entrainment. Water plays a fundamental role as it lubricates the concrete mix, facilitating easier movement and placement. However, the water requirement varies depending on the texture and shape of aggregates. Finer particles and angular, rough-textured...
220
01:10Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate
352
The moisture content of aggregates is a crucial factor in construction, particularly in concrete mixing, as it influences the total water required in the mix. Moisture content represents the water coated on the exterior surface of the aggregate existing in a saturated and surface-dry condition. The total water content of a moist aggregate is the sum of its moisture content and water absorption.
When aggregates are exposed to rain or sit in stockpiles, they absorb moisture, which must be...
When aggregates are exposed to rain or sit in stockpiles, they absorb moisture, which must be...
352
01:14Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability
205
This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
205
01:21Development of Analytical Methods
1.5K
An analytical methodology can be divided into four sequential steps: technique, method, procedure, and protocol. A technique is a scientific principle that rationalizes a specific phenomenon through chemical measurements. Adapting a technique for analyzing a sample of interest is termed a method. The procedure outlines the directions for performing the analysis via an analytical method. The protocol is the detailed guidelines on the procedure, which should be strictly followed to obtain the...
1.5K
01:16Response Surface Methodology
480
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical and mathematical techniques used to develop, improve, and optimize processes. It is particularly valuable when many input variables or factors potentially influence a response variable.
The process of RSM involves several key steps:
The process of RSM involves several key steps:
480
01:15Design of Transmission Shafts - Stress Analysis
643
Designing a transmission shaft requires a thorough understanding of the stresses induced by bending moments and torques, especially in systems where power is transferred through gears. These forces create force-couple systems at the centers of the shaft's cross-sections, leading to both transverse and torsional loading. Although shearing stresses from transverse loads are typically smaller than those from torques and are often overlooked, the significant normal stresses from these loads...
643