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What is known and what remains unresolved regarding gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

Katja Vince1, Pavo Perković1, Ratko Matijević1,2

  • 1University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia.

Journal of Perinatal Medicine
|August 23, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing global health concern impacting maternal and infant health. This review addresses ongoing debates in GDM diagnosis, screening, and treatment to improve antenatal care.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence is increasing worldwide, highlighting its significance in modern obstetrics.
  • GDM poses risks for adverse perinatal outcomes and long-term health issues for mothers and children.
  • Despite extensive research, controversies persist regarding optimal GDM management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and clarify current debates surrounding gestational diabetes mellitus.
  • To discuss unresolved issues in GDM diagnosis, screening, and treatment.
  • To provide insights into the growing interest and ongoing research in GDM.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of contemporary obstetrics and GDM research.
  • Analysis of current diagnostic criteria and screening policies for GDM.
  • Discussion of various treatment modalities for pregnancies affected by GDM.

Main Results:

  • The rising prevalence of GDM underscores its public health importance.
  • Significant debates continue regarding the most effective diagnostic and screening approaches for GDM.
  • Unresolved treatment controversies necessitate further research and clinical attention.

Conclusions:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus presents complex challenges in antenatal care.
  • Addressing controversies in GDM diagnosis, screening, and treatment is crucial for improving maternal and child health outcomes.
  • Continued research is vital to refine management strategies for GDM.

Keywords:
International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG)diagnosisgestational diabetes mellitusinsulinscreeningtreatment

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