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Long noncoding RNAs in cancer immunity: a new avenue in drug discovery

Anindya Dutta1, Ananya Roy1, Subhrangsu Chatterjee1

  • 1Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.

Drug Discovery Today
|August 23, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of the immune system in cancer, influencing tumor progression and immune cell activity. This review highlights lncRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for overcoming cancer-associated immunosuppression.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The nonprotein-coding genome, particularly long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), plays a critical role in cancer immunity.
  • lncRNAs regulate immune gene expression, which is often altered in cancer.
  • Their tissue-specific expression impacts cellular processes and the tumor microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted roles of lncRNAs in cancer immunity.
  • To strengthen the connection between lncRNAs and the immune system in the context of cancer.
  • To explore therapeutic implications of lncRNAs in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on lncRNAs and cancer immunity.
  • Analysis of lncRNA functions in cellular proliferation, tumor microenvironment (TME), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
  • Examination of lncRNA-mediated modulation of innate and adaptive immune cells.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs act as crucial regulators of immune responses within the tumor microenvironment.
  • Dysregulation of lncRNAs contributes to cancer-associated immunosuppression.
  • lncRNAs are involved in key cancer hallmarks including proliferation and EMT.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Targeting lncRNAs offers novel therapeutic strategies to enhance anti-cancer immunity.
  • Further research into lncRNA mechanisms can overcome cancer-associated immunosuppression.

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