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Insulin binding to circulating monocytes in children with insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes
1Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University School of Medicine, Japan.
Insights
Insulin binding to monocytes differs in children with diabetes. It increases in ketoacidosis and decreases in non-ketoacidosis and NIDDM, suggesting metabolic factors influence insulin receptor numbers.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Immunology
Background:
- Insulin resistance and receptor dynamics are crucial in diabetes management.
- Understanding monocyte insulin binding provides insights into metabolic dysregulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate insulin binding to monocytes in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
- To compare insulin binding levels between diabetic children and healthy/obese controls.
- To explore the relationship between metabolic status, insulin secretion, and insulin receptor expression.
Main Methods:
- Quantified insulin binding to circulating monocytes in pediatric cohorts: 24 IDDM, 5 NIDDM, 10 healthy, and 12 obese controls.
- Compared binding levels based on diabetic subtype, ketoacidosis presence, and insulin treatment status.
- Analyzed data for statistical significance (P < 0.01).
Main Results:
- Insulin binding was significantly increased in untreated IDDM children with ketoacidosis (5.51 ± 3.49 pg/10^6 cells) compared to controls (1.91 ± 0.47 pg/10^6 cells).
- Binding was significantly decreased in IDDM children without ketoacidosis (1.39 ± 0.30 pg/10^6 cells) and in untreated NIDDM children with hyperinsulinemia (0.73 ± 0.27 pg/10^6 cells).
- Insulin treatment normalized binding levels in IDDM patients.
Conclusions:
- Monocyte insulin receptor expression fluctuates with metabolic conditions and insulin secretion in pediatric diabetes.
- Changes in insulin binding are characteristic of both IDDM and NIDDM, highlighting the role of insulin resistance.
- Further research into receptor dynamics can inform diabetes treatment strategies.
Abstract:
This study describes insulin binding to circulating monocytes in 24 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), five children with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 10 healthy and 12 obese control children. Insulin binding to monocytes was greatly increased in untreated IDDM children with obvious ketoacidosis (5.51 +/- 3.49 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01), whereas it was decreased in those without obvious ketoacidosis (1.39 +/- 0.30 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01). Insulin treatment restored insulin binding almost to the level of control children in both ketoacidotic and non-ketoacidotic patients. Insulin binding to monocytes was markedly decreased in untreated NIDDM children with hyperinsulinemia compared with healthy control children (0.73 +/- 0.27 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01) or obese control children (0.73 +/- 0.27 vs. 1.33 +/- 0.35 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01). These data indicate that changes in insulin secretion and metabolic conditions might be involved in the fluctuation of the number of insulin receptors in IDDM children as well as in NIDDM children.