Lateral Gene Transfer Mechanisms and Pan-genomes in Eukaryotes

Area of Science:

• Evolutionary Biology
• Genetics
• Microbiology

Background:

• Lateral gene transfer (LGT) is a recognized driver of genome evolution in prokaryotes.
• Its significance in eukaryote evolution is increasingly evident but not fully understood.
• LGT contributes to eukaryotic adaptation, including host-parasite dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review evidence for LGT mechanisms in eukaryotes.
• To focus on LGT in protists and emerging trends.
• To explore LGT's role in eukaryotic pan-genome generation.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of known and potential LGT mechanisms.
• Analysis of recent case studies across diverse eukaryote lineages.
• Focus on protists as a model system for LGT.

Main Results:

• Abundant evidence supports LGT's role in eukaryotic adaptation.
• Mechanisms and frequency of eukaryotic LGT remain poorly understood.
• LGT may contribute to the formation of pan-genomes in eukaryotes.

Conclusions:

• LGT is a significant factor in eukaryote evolution, particularly in adaptation.
• Understanding LGT mechanisms and frequency is crucial for evolutionary studies.
• LGT has the potential to shape eukaryotic diversity and adaptability.