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Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Failure Analysis of Batteries Using Synchrotron-based Hard X-ray Microtomography
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Structure solution and refinement of metal-ion battery cathode materials using electron diffraction tomography.

Joke Hadermann1, Artem M Abakumov2

  • 1EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium.

Acta Crystallographica Section B, Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials
|August 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electron diffraction tomography (EDT) enables detailed structural analysis of battery cathode materials, even in small powder samples. This technique provides crucial data complementary to other methods, aiding in understanding material behavior during cycling.

Keywords:
batterycrystal structureelectron diffraction tomographylithiummetal ion

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Metal-ion battery cathode materials are often available only in small powder quantities.
  • Traditional diffraction methods (X-ray, neutron) may be limited by sample size.
  • Understanding structural changes during battery operation is critical for performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the applicability of electron diffraction tomography (EDT) for battery materials.
  • To highlight EDT's capability in structure solution and refinement of cathode materials.
  • To explore EDT's potential for in situ and ex situ analysis of battery materials.

Main Methods:

  • Electron Diffraction Tomography (EDT) for single-crystal data acquisition from small powder samples.
  • Structure solution and refinement using EDT data.
  • Ex situ and in situ electrochemical cycling experiments in liquid electrolyte.

Main Results:

  • EDT successfully detects lithium and refines its atomic position and occupancy in cathode materials.
  • EDT enables structure solution of materials at various states of charge (ex situ).
  • EDT provides in situ data on structural changes during electrochemical cycling.

Conclusions:

  • Electron diffraction tomography is a powerful technique for studying battery cathode materials, especially powders.
  • EDT offers unique, complementary structural information to X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, and HRTEM.
  • EDT facilitates a deeper understanding of material behavior under electrochemical cycling conditions.