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Additive Manufacturing Using Melt Extruded Thermoplastics for Tissue Engineering.

Andrea Roberto Calore1,2, Ravi Sinha3, Jules Harings4

  • 1Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands. a.calore@maastrichtuniversity.nl.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|August 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Thermoplastic melt extrusion is key for creating tissue engineering scaffolds using additive manufacturing. This chapter details common workflows for fused deposition modelling (FDM), 3D-fiber deposition (3DF), and bioextrusion, including material preparation and scaffold characterization.

Keywords:
3D printing3D-fiber depositionBioextrusionBiofabricationFused deposition modellingScaffoldsTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Melt extrusion is a critical technique for fabricating thermoplastic-based tissue engineering scaffolds.
  • Extrusion-based additive manufacturing methods include fused deposition modelling (FDM), 3D-fiber deposition (3DF), and bioextrusion.
  • Different extrusion techniques have varying material input requirements (filament, pellets, or powder).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a universal workflow for scaffold fabrication using melt extrusion techniques.
  • To highlight specific material and processing requirements for FDM, 3DF, and bioextrusion.
  • To briefly introduce methods for scaffold characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Describing a common workflow from material selection to scaffold fabrication.
  • Detailing the distinct input material requirements for FDM, 3DF, and bioextrusion.
  • Mentioning scaffold characterization techniques.

Main Results:

  • A generalized process for melt extrusion scaffold fabrication is presented.
  • Specifics on material form (filament, pellet, powder) for different techniques are clarified.
  • Scaffold characterization methods are briefly discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Melt extrusion offers versatile pathways for tissue engineering scaffold fabrication.
  • Understanding technique-specific requirements is crucial for successful scaffold manufacturing.
  • The described workflow provides a foundational guide for researchers and engineers.