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Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for solid childhood malignancies: A questionnaire-based study

Sihui Li1, Siyu Cai2, Cheng Huang1

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology National Discipline of Pediatrics Ministry of Education MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children Hematology Oncology Center Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University National Center for Children's Health Beijing China.

Pediatric Investigation
|August 28, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Prenatal use of hematinics/iron supplements, higher parity, and family history of malignancy increase childhood solid tumor risk. Folic acid use during pregnancy is protective against these cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Cancer Epidemiology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Childhood solid tumors represent a significant portion of pediatric cancers and are a leading cause of mortality.
  • The precise origins and contributing factors to the development of these tumors remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential prenatal and perinatal risk factors associated with the development of solid malignancies in children.
  • To identify specific maternal and familial factors that may influence the risk of childhood solid tumors.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 71 pediatric patients with solid tumors and 211 matched healthy controls.
  • Data collection through parental questionnaires covering prenatal and perinatal history.
  • Statistical analysis using univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Multivariate analysis identified higher parity (OR 2.482), family history of malignancy (OR 3.667), and prenatal use of hematinics/iron supplements (OR 2.882) as significant risk factors.
  • Prenatal folic acid supplementation demonstrated a protective effect (OR 0.334).
  • Common solid tumors included neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and retinoblastoma.

Conclusions:

  • Family history of cancer, increased parity, and maternal intake of iron supplements during pregnancy are associated with an elevated risk of childhood solid tumors.
  • Prenatal folic acid intake appears to be a protective factor, potentially reducing the risk of these pediatric malignancies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Case‐control studyChildrenMaternalPerinatalRisk factorsSolid malignancies

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