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Tick Microbiome Characterization by Next-Generation 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing
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Tick-Borne Pathogens Shape the Native Microbiome Within Tick Vectors.

Abdulsalam Adegoke1, Deepak Kumar1, Cailyn Bobo1

  • 1Center for Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, School of Biological, Environmental and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA.

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|August 29, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tick pathogens like Theileria sp. can disrupt the gut microbiome in Rhipicephalus (R.) microplus ticks, a phenomenon termed "pathogen-induced dysbiosis." This impacts microbial diversity and may affect disease transmission.

Keywords:
Anaplasma marginaleFrancisellaHyalomma anatolicumPakistanRhipicephalus microplusTheileria sp.Wolbachiamicrobiometicks

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Vector Biology
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Ticks transmit numerous pathogens to animals and humans.
  • Tick microbiome influences pathogen transmission and vector competence.
  • Interactions between tick pathogens and the microbiome are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the microbial composition of Hyalomma (H.) anatolicum and Rhipicephalus (R.) microplus ticks.
  • To test if pathogen presence alters tick microbial composition.
  • To investigate pathogen-induced dysbiosis in tick microbiomes.

Main Methods:

  • PCR identification of Anaplasma marginale, Theileria species, and Wolbachia species.
  • Metagenomic sequencing of tick microbiomes.
  • Comparison of microbial communities in pathogen-positive and negative ticks.

Main Results:

  • Identified 1786 operational taxonomic units across 25 phyla.
  • Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Bacteroidota were dominant bacterial phyla.
  • Theileria sp. infection in R. microplus caused significant reduction in bacterial communities, richness, and evenness ('pathogen-induced dysbiosis').
  • Plasmodium falciparum was detected in both tick species.

Conclusions:

  • Pathogen presence, specifically Theileria sp., can induce dysbiosis in the tick microbiome.
  • This dysbiosis may influence tick vector competence.
  • Further research is needed to understand mechanisms and develop control strategies for tick-borne diseases.