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Incidentally Identified Pulmonary AVM: An Unusual Cause for Stroke in a Young Patient
Vinod Kalapurackal Mathai1, Dale Sebire1, Scarlett Bowen1
1The Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia.
Abstract:
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation is an uncommon though important potential source for embolic right-to-left extracardiac shunt as a cause for both silent and clinically evident stroke. We present this case to highlight this pathology as a cause for stroke, the importance of treating this malformation, even if incidentally identified, and finally the role of echocardiography in screening for extracardiac shunt and indicating those patients that may benefit from further investigations looking for extracardiac shunt.
Insights
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations can cause strokes by allowing blood to bypass the lungs. Echocardiography can help identify these shunts, guiding further investigation and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Neurology
- Radiology
Background:
- Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are rare vascular anomalies.
- PAVMs can lead to right-to-left extracardiac shunts, increasing stroke risk.
Observation:
- This case highlights PAVM as a cause of both silent and overt stroke.
- Incidental identification of PAVMs warrants consideration for treatment.
Findings:
- Echocardiography is valuable for screening extracardiac shunts.
- Echocardiography can identify patients who may benefit from further investigation.
Implications:
- Early detection and treatment of PAVMs can prevent stroke.
- Echocardiography plays a crucial role in diagnosing PAVM-related stroke risk.
- Multidisciplinary evaluation is essential for managing PAVMs.
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