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Knowledge and social relatedness shape research portfolio diversification.

Giorgio Tripodi1, Francesca Chiaromonte2,3, Fabrizio Lillo4,5

  • 1Scuola Normale Superiore, 56126, Pisa, Italy. giorgio.tripodi@sns.it.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Scientometrics
  • Sociology of Science

Background:

  • Frontier science demands increasing knowledge, making individual exploration difficult.
  • Collaborations can mitigate learning costs but increase coordination challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the impact of knowledge and social relatedness on scientists' diversification strategies.
  • To understand how physicists navigate new research areas.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of publication histories from a large sample of physicists.
  • Utilized bipartite networks to calculate topic similarity and social proximity.

Main Results:

  • Scientists' diversification strategies are significantly influenced by both knowledge and social relatedness.
  • Knowledge relatedness explains a portion of diversification, while social relatedness explains a larger portion.
  • Diversification into new fields is predominantly achieved through collaborations.

Conclusions:

  • Science is a social endeavor, with collaborations being key for interdisciplinary exploration.
  • The greater the distance from a scientist's specialization, the higher the reliance on collaborations.
  • Findings offer a basis for quantitative analysis of scientific and technological innovation strategies.