Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers
Published on: November 9, 2019
The role of maladaptive cognitions in gaming disorder: Differences between online and offline gaming types
Gaëlle Bodi1, Célia Maintenant1, Valérie Pennequin1
1E.A. 2114, PAVeA Laboratory, The University of Tours, Tours, France.
Abstract:
Gaming disorder involving online or offline games has been included in the latest International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Recent studies on psychological processes related to gaming disorder have identified a number of maladaptive cognitions that may play a role in developing and maintaining problematic gaming behaviors. However, there have been few studies that have examined whether these cognitions may occur differently offline versus online gaming. This study recruited 446 French-speaking adults including 229 online and 217 offline gamers (54.93 % male, Mage = 28.05), who completed a questionnaire providing information about demographic characteristics, gaming habits, cognitions related to video games, gaming disorder and psychological distress. Maladaptive cognitions correlated strongly with gaming disorder, weekly time spent on video games, depression and anxiety symptoms. Mann-Whitney U-tests revealed significant differences between online and offline gaming groups with more addicted gamers in the online group, and more maladaptive cognitions in online than offline gamers. However, regression models comparing offline and online players revealed fewer differences among predictor variables. Maladaptive cognitions predicted the two types of disorder equally, although virtual comfort appeared to be strongly predictive only of online gaming disorder. These findings are discussed in relation to addiction theory and their clinical implications.
More Related Videos
13:40Combining Computer Game-Based Behavioural Experiments With High-Density EEG and Infrared Gaze Tracking
Published on: December 16, 2010
09:14Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Published on: March 14, 2025
Related Concept Videos
The Influence of Cognition on Affect
Introduction to Psychological Disorders
Deviant Behavior
Deviance in behavior refers to actions or thought patterns that significantly diverge from societal norms or...
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Beck's Cognitive Therapy
Arbitrary Inference
Arbitrary inference involves making conclusions without sufficient...
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)