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Cellular Senescence: A New Player in Kidney Injury

Yongxin Li1,2, Lilach O Lerman1

  • 1From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (Y.L., L.O.L.).

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|September 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Cellular senescence, a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest, contributes to kidney diseases by altering cellular pathways and releasing inflammatory factors. Understanding this complex role is crucial for developing new kidney disease treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cell Biology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Kidney diseases are a significant global health issue affecting millions.
  • Cellular senescence is increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of various renal damages.
  • Senescent cells exhibit specific molecular changes and can influence kidney injury through paracrine signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted role of cellular senescence in kidney injury.
  • To highlight recent findings on cellular senescence in renal pathogenesis.
  • To discuss the dual nature of cellular senescence as both detrimental and potentially protective in kidney diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent evidence on cellular senescence and kidney disease.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying renal senescence.
  • Examination of paracrine effects of senescent cells on renal tissue.

Main Results:

  • Renal senescence is characterized by cell cycle arrest, klotho downregulation, increased cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, telomere shortening, and oxidative stress.
  • Senescent cells can promote kidney injury via inflammatory factor release.
  • Cellular senescence exhibits a dual role, potentially being renoprotective in certain contexts.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular senescence is a key factor in kidney disease development and progression.
  • Further research into the mechanisms of renal senescence may reveal novel therapeutic targets.
  • The complex, dual role of senescence in kidney health necessitates careful consideration in therapeutic strategies.
Keywords:
acute kidney injuryagingkidneypublic healthrenal insufficiency, chronic

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