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Towards urban resilience through Sustainable Drainage Systems: A multi-objective optimisation problem.

Kent McClymont1, Davi Gasparini Fernandes Cunha2, Chris Maidment3

  • 1School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Bishop Hall Lane, Anglia Ruskin University, Essex, CM1 1SQ, UK.

Journal of Environmental Management
|September 1, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Integrating nature-based solutions like Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) into urban planning enhances city resilience. This study optimizes SuDS for water management, quality, and urban livability, especially in developing nations.

Keywords:
Green infrastructureMulti-objective optimisationQuality of lifeResilienceSustainable drainage systemsUrban planning

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Area of Science:

  • Urban Planning and Environmental Engineering
  • Resilience and Sustainability Studies
  • Nature-Based Solutions

Background:

  • Urban planning increasingly requires resilience-informed approaches, particularly in low and middle-income countries.
  • Integrating nature-based solutions, such as Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS), is crucial for sustainable and cost-effective urban development.
  • Effective SuDS implementation necessitates a multi-objective approach considering water quality, quantity, amenity, and biodiversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a resilience-driven, multi-objective optimization model for integrating SuDS into urban planning.
  • To identify optimized SuDS solutions for a case study in Brazil, balancing engineering and quality of life objectives.
  • To evaluate the trade-offs between resilience, cost, and quality of life improvements offered by different SuDS.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a multi-objective optimization model focusing on SuDS water quality and quantity.
  • Spatial distribution of SuDS as decision variables within the optimization framework.
  • Creation of an improved quality of life index (iQoL) to incorporate amenity and biodiversity aspects.

Main Results:

  • The study identified rain barrels, green roofs, bio-retention tanks, grass swales, and permeable pavements as suitable SuDS.
  • Highly resilient SuDS solutions can be costly and do not always guarantee higher iQoL.
  • Bio-retention tanks and grass swales enhance water quality resilience but increase costs; permeable pavements and green roofs are effective for flood resilience.

Conclusions:

  • Rain barrels are a cost-effective and preferred SuDS option in residential areas.
  • A balanced approach is needed to integrate SuDS, considering both engineering performance and socio-environmental benefits.
  • Resilience-informed urban planning is essential for creating sustainable and adaptable cities, especially in vulnerable regions.