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Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts01:15

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

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In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...
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Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

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Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.
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Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

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When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
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Automatic Laser-based Geometry Capture for Finite Element Analysis of Weld Beads
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Extended CT Void Analysis in FDM Additive Manufacturing Components.

Adriana Hernandez-Contreras1, Leopoldo Ruiz-Huerta2,3, Alberto Caballero-Ruiz2,3

  • 1Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Building "S"-"Bernardo Quintana Arrioja", 1st floor, University City, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) components can have mechanical issues. Analyzing void orientation in fused deposition modeling (FDM) parts reveals a critical angle impacting material strength and stiffness.

Keywords:
X-ray computed tomography (CT)additive manufacturing (AM)digital manufacturingmechanical propertiesvoid analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Manufacturing Technology

Background:

  • Additive manufacturing (AM) offers design freedom and waste reduction but faces challenges with mechanical properties like reduced resistance and anisotropy.
  • Voids are a common defect in AM components, influenced by build direction and affecting mechanical performance.
  • Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a widely used AM technique requiring detailed analysis of its microstructural defects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze void shapes in FDM samples using X-ray computed tomography (CT).
  • To establish a relationship between tensile mechanical properties and digital void measurements.
  • To develop a predictive criterion for the mechanical behavior of AM components based on void characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized X-ray computed tomography (CT) for detailed 3D analysis of voids in FDM samples.
  • Quantified void characteristics including quantity, size, sphericity, and compactness.
  • Correlated tensile mechanical properties (yield strength, Young's modulus) with void orientation relative to the loading axis.

Main Results:

  • Void quantity, size, sphericity, and compactness showed no significant variations across FDM samples.
  • A critical relationship was identified between the mean angle of the main void axis and the mechanical load axis (μ(α)).
  • Reduced yield strength and Young's modulus were observed when μ(α) approached 80 degrees.

Conclusions:

  • Void shape characteristics alone do not fully predict mechanical behavior in FDM components.
  • The orientation of voids relative to the applied load is a critical factor influencing mechanical properties.
  • A novel criterion based on void orientation can predict the mechanical behavior of additive manufactured parts.