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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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The Microbiome as a Therapeutic Target for Multiple Sclerosis: Can Genetically Engineered Probiotics Treat the

Hannah M Kohl1, Andrea R Castillo1, Javier Ochoa-Repáraz1

  • 1Department of Biology, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, WA 99004, USA.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The gut microbiome influences the immune system and the brain, potentially impacting multiple sclerosis (MS). Modulating gut bacteria with probiotics may offer new therapeutic strategies for MS treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Microbiome Research
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The intestinal microbiota critically regulates immune, nervous, and endocrine systems.
  • Animal models and human studies link microbiota composition to diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • The experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model suggests a microbiota-gut-brain axis in MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of intestinal microbiota on the immune system.
  • To explore the role of the microbiome-gut-brain axis in MS.
  • To discuss probiotics as a potential therapeutic approach for MS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on microbiota, immune system, and MS.
  • Analysis of experimental evidence from animal models and human studies.
  • Discussion of genetically modified probiotics for immunomodulation.

Main Results:

  • Microbiota composition changes are observed in MS patients.
  • Evidence supports a connection between the gut microbiome and the brain in MS.
  • Probiotics show potential for immunomodulatory and protective effects.

Conclusions:

  • The intestinal microbiota plays a significant role in the neuroinflammatory disease MS.
  • The microbiome-gut-brain axis is a key factor in MS pathogenesis.
  • Genetically modified probiotics represent a promising novel therapeutic avenue for MS.
Keywords:
EAEmicrobiomemicrobiotamultiple sclerosisprobiotics

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