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Intestinal Failure-Associated Liver Disease in Neonates

Jennifer Fundora1, Susan W Aucott1,2

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Neoreviews
|September 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) is a common complication in neonates receiving parenteral nutrition. Management focuses on transitioning to enteral nutrition and exploring alternative therapies for persistent cases.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) is a significant complication in neonates dependent on parenteral nutrition.
  • The development of IFALD is multifactorial, influenced by the infant's primary condition and factors like prematurity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of IFALD in neonates.
  • To identify contributing factors to IFALD development.
  • To outline current management strategies for IFALD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological data.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to IFALD.
  • Synthesis of current clinical management approaches.

Main Results:

  • IFALD is prevalent in neonates with intestinal failure requiring parenteral nutrition.
  • Multiple infant-specific and disease-related factors contribute to IFALD.
  • Management emphasizes safe transition to enteral feeding and alternative treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification and management of IFALD are crucial in neonatal care.
  • Multifactorial etiology requires a comprehensive approach to prevention and treatment.
  • Optimizing nutrition and minimizing parenteral nutrition exposure are key.

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