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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

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Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
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Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

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Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
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Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

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Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
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Respiratory Volumes and Capacities01:22

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

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The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
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Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
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Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry in a Spirometry Database.

Andrei Schwartz1, Nicholas Arnold1, Becky Skinner2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa.

Respiratory Care
|September 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) affects 17-24% of individuals, a higher prevalence than previously reported. Factors like higher BMI and restrictive lung disease are associated with PRISm diagnosis.

Keywords:
chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaselung volume measurementsplethysmographypreserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm)respiratory function testsspirometry

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Respiratory Diagnostics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Spirometry identifies normal airflow, obstruction, or preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm).
  • PRISm is defined by reduced FEV1 or FVC with preserved FEV1/FVC ratio.
  • Previous prevalence estimates for PRISm range from 7-12%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of PRISm in a large spirometry database.
  • To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with PRISm.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 18,059 prebronchodilator spirometries.
  • Calculation of PRISm prevalence across various demographics (age, race, BMI, gender, smoking status).
  • Multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with PRISm in a subset with FEV1 below the lower limit of normal.

Main Results:

  • PRISm prevalence was 22.3% in prebronchodilator and 17.7% in postbronchodilator tests.
  • Higher prevalence observed in adults aged 45-60 (24.4%) and males (23.7%).
  • Increased BMI and restrictive lung disease diagnosis were significantly associated with PRISm; smoking showed an inverse association.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of PRISm in this academic medical center database (17-24%) is higher than previously estimated.
  • Factors such as higher BMI, male gender, and restrictive lung disease are linked to PRISm.
  • Further research may be warranted to understand the clinical implications of this higher PRISm prevalence.