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Single-atom catalysts (SACs) maximize metal atom efficiency. This review covers recent advances in understanding SAC structure-performance relationships for applications in biomedicine, environmental protection, and energy conversion.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Single-atom catalysts (SACs) feature isolated metal active sites stabilized by coordinating atoms (e.g., O, N, S).
  • SACs offer maximum metal atom utilization efficiency.
  • Recent advancements in synthesis, characterization, and computation have spurred SAC development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent experimental and theoretical progress in understanding SAC structure and its influence on catalytic performance.
  • To highlight the utility and strengths of SACs in diverse applications.
  • To discuss current challenges and future perspectives for SAC development.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental synthesis and characterization of SACs.
  • Theoretical modeling and computational analysis of SACs.
  • Review of literature on SAC performance and applications.

Main Results:

  • SACs demonstrate impressive catalytic performance for various reactions.
  • Structure-activity relationships in SACs are being clarified.
  • SACs show significant potential in biomedicine, environmental protection, and energy conversion.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding SAC structure is key to optimizing catalytic activity and selectivity.
  • SACs are versatile catalysts with broad applicability.
  • Further research is needed to address current challenges and unlock future potential.