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Autophagy-mediating microRNAs in cancer chemoresistance

Yuanming Jing1, Wenqing Liang2, Jian Liu3

  • 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.

Cell Biology and Toxicology
|September 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate cancer chemoresistance by modulating autophagy. This study reviews how miRNAs impact chemotherapy effectiveness through autophagy pathways, offering insights into overcoming treatment failure.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Chemoresistance causes over 90% of cancer-related deaths, highlighting an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and play critical roles in cancer development and progression, including chemoresistance.
  • Autophagy, a cellular degradation process, has a dual role in chemotherapy response, either promoting resistance or inducing cell death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate mechanisms of chemoresistance in cancer.
  • To elucidate the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in cancer, particularly in the context of chemoresistance.
  • To explore the regulatory interplay between miRNAs and autophagy in modulating cancer cell response to chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search on chemoresistance mechanisms.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the role of miRNAs in cancer.
  • Review of research focusing on miRNA-mediated regulation of autophagy in chemoresistance.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs are key regulators of chemoresistance, influencing multiple signaling pathways.
  • Autophagy can either confer resistance or sensitivity to chemotherapy agents, depending on the cellular context.
  • MicroRNAs modulate chemoresistance by targeting key components of the autophagy pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the miRNA-autophagy axis is crucial for developing effective strategies against chemoresistant cancers.
  • Targeting specific miRNAs or autophagy pathways holds promise for overcoming chemotherapy resistance.
  • Further research into this complex regulatory network may lead to improved cancer treatment outcomes.
Keywords:
AutophagyCancerChemoresistanceHypoxiaMicroRNA

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