Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 10, 2025
08:18
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures
Published on: May 16, 2025
508
Orbital Osteomyelitis in the Pediatric Patient
1Division of Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA.
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|September 4, 2020
Summary
Orbital osteomyelitis in children is rare but serious. This review of 23 pediatric cases highlights common symptoms like fistulas and fever, with Streptococcus pyogenes being a frequent cause. Successful treatment involves surgery and antibiotics.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Otorhinolaryngology
Background:
- Orbital osteomyelitis is a rare condition in pediatric patients.
- Effective diagnosis and treatment require a multidisciplinary approach due to potentially fatal outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically evaluate a pooled analysis of published studies on pediatric orbital osteomyelitis.
- To understand the clinical trends, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
- Searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science databases.
- Analyzed data from 10 studies including 23 pediatric patients (1977-2017).
Main Results:
- The average age was 7.3 years; common presentations included fistula (65.2%) and fever (43.5%).
- Frontal bone was the most frequently infected site (43.5%). Streptococcus pyogenes was the most common organism (21.7%), and trauma the most common source (26.1%).
- Combined surgical debridement and antibiotics were successful in 73.9% of cases. Acute vs. chronic forms showed significant differences.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric orbital osteomyelitis requires a comprehensive diagnostic and treatment strategy.
- Understanding clinical presentation, common pathogens, and effective treatments like combined surgery and antibiotics is crucial for favorable outcomes.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:24Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism
108
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
108
01:17Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution
168
Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
168
01:26Tonsillitis II: Management
299
This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
299
01:26Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion
131
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
131
01:23Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption
145
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
145
01:29Bone Disorders
5.0K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
5.0K