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Allergic rhinitis as a key factor for the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children

Ming-Chu Feng1, Yi-Giien Tsai2, Yu-Han Chang3

  • 1Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.

Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection = Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran Za Zhi
|September 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Allergic rhinitis (AR) significantly increases the risk of developing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in children. This association is particularly strong in younger children, highlighting AR as a key risk factor for pediatric GERD.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Allergology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can manifest with airway symptoms, and some airway diseases may worsen GERD.
  • Asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) are considered united airway diseases due to shared epidemiology and pathophysiology.
  • While asthma is a known GERD risk factor, the link between AR and GERD requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential association between allergic rhinitis (AR) and the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in children.
  • To determine if AR increases the risk of developing GERD.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database (2000-2005).
  • Children diagnosed with AR but without prior GERD were identified.
  • Propensity score matching was used to create a control group of non-AR children, resulting in 36,588 children in each cohort.
  • Cox regression models were employed to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) for GERD development.

Main Results:

  • Children with AR exhibited a significantly higher risk of developing GERD compared to non-AR children (adjusted HR 1.91).
  • The increased risk was particularly pronounced in children under 6 years old (adjusted HR 2.68).
  • Age, gender, and chronic sinusitis were identified as risk factors associated with an elevated risk of GERD.

Conclusions:

  • Allergic rhinitis is confirmed as a significant risk factor for the development of GERD in the pediatric population.
  • The findings underscore the importance of considering AR in the evaluation of GERD in children.
  • Further research may explore underlying mechanisms linking AR and GERD in young patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Allergic rhinitis (AR)AsthmaChildrenGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

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