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Specialized pro-resolving mediator network: an update on production and actions
Nan Chiang1, Charles N Serhan1
1Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, U.S.A.
Essays in Biochemistry
|September 5, 2020
Summary
Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) actively promote the resolution of inflammation, offering potential new treatments for inflammatory diseases and tissue regeneration. These immunoresolvents are key to understanding and harnessing the body's natural healing processes.
Area of Science:
- Immunology and Molecular Medicine
- Biochemistry of Inflammation
- Pharmacology of Resolution
Background:
- Persistent inflammation underlies numerous diseases, including cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders.
- The natural resolution of inflammation is an active, biosynthetically regulated process.
- Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) are endogenous compounds that actively drive inflammation resolution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an update on recent advances in the field of SPMs.
- To review the structural-functional elucidation of SPMs and their receptors.
- To highlight the therapeutic potential of SPMs in inflammation-associated diseases and tissue regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent human and preclinical animal studies.
- Analysis of structural-functional data of SPMs.
- Identification and characterization of novel SPM receptors.
Main Results:
- SPMs encompass lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins derived from various fatty acids.
- SPMs promote inflammation resolution, microbial clearance, pain reduction, and tissue regeneration through specific mechanisms.
- Recent research has elucidated novel SPM receptors and biosynthetic pathways.
Conclusions:
- SPMs are crucial for effective inflammation resolution and tissue repair.
- Understanding SPM pathways and receptors opens avenues for novel therapeutic strategies.
- SPMs represent a promising basis for resolution pharmacology and precision nutrition in treating inflammatory conditions.
