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Effects of acetaminophen on risk taking
Alexis Keaveney1, Ellen Peters2, Baldwin Way1
1Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
|September 5, 2020
Summary
Acetaminophen, a common pain reliever, was found to increase risk-taking behavior in adults. This effect may be linked to reduced perception of risks, especially those with strong emotional components.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Acetaminophen is a widely used over-the-counter analgesic and antipyretic.
- Emerging research suggests acetaminophen may blunt both positive and negative emotional responses.
- Emotional state significantly influences risk perception and decision-making.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypothesis that acute acetaminophen consumption influences risk perception and risk-taking behavior.
- To determine if acetaminophen's effects on affect extend to cognitive judgments and decisions.
Main Methods:
- Three double-blind, placebo-controlled studies were conducted with healthy young adults.
- Participants consumed 1000 mg of acetaminophen or a placebo.
- Risk-taking was assessed using the Balloon Analog Risk Task; risk perception was measured via self-report.
Main Results:
- Across all studies (n=545), acetaminophen consumption led to increased risk-taking behavior.
- Acetaminophen reduced self-reported perceived risk on affectively stimulating measures.
- The reduction in perceived risk statistically mediated the increase in risk-taking behavior.
Conclusions:
- Acute acetaminophen intake can enhance risk-taking behavior in adults.
- This effect appears to be mediated by a reduction in perceived risk, particularly for emotionally charged situations.
- Acetaminophen's influence on affect may have downstream consequences for decision-making processes.
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