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IgE-mediated food allergy throughout life
Ebru Çelebioğlu1, Ayşegül Akarsu2, Ümit Murat Şahiner2
1Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
|September 7, 2020
Summary
Food allergy (FA) is rising globally in children and adults, with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated FA being most common. Diagnosis involves oral provocation tests, skin tests, and IgE measurements for effective management.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Allergology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Food allergy (FA) prevalence has significantly increased worldwide in recent decades.
- FA affects both pediatric and adult populations, with reported rates varying from 2.0% to 10.0% based on methodology, age, and region.
- Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated FA is the most prevalent form, potentially causing severe reactions like anaphylaxis or milder symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis of IgE-mediated food allergy in children and adults.
- To explain specific forms of FA, including pollen-food allergy syndrome, alpha-gal allergy, and food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on IgE-mediated food allergy.
- Discussion of diagnostic methods including oral provocation tests, skin prick tests, and specific IgE measurements.
- Explanation of component-resolved diagnostic techniques.
Main Results:
- IgE-mediated FA presents a spectrum of symptoms, from mild to life-threatening anaphylaxis.
- Oral provocation tests remain the gold standard for diagnosing FA.
- Skin prick tests, specific IgE, and component-resolved diagnostics aid in diagnosis and monitoring.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the epidemiology and diagnostic approaches is crucial for managing IgE-mediated FA.
- Specific FA syndromes require tailored diagnostic and management strategies.
- Comprehensive follow-up and prognosis assessment are essential for patients with IgE-mediated FA.
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