Brain Network Connectivity and Association with Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Gene Polymorphism in Korean...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Genetics
• Child Psychology

Background:

• Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder.
• The default mode network (DMN) and dorsal attention network (DAT) are crucial for cognitive functions.
• Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene polymorphism is implicated in various neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the relationship between COMT gene polymorphism and brain connectivity within and between the DMN and DAT in children with ADHD.
• To compare brain connectivity patterns in children with ADHD and healthy controls (HCs).

Main Methods:

• Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess resting-state brain connectivity.
• COMT genotyping was performed to identify valine carriers and methionine homozygotes.
• Standardized cognitive and psychological assessments were administered to all participants.

Main Results:

• Children with ADHD exhibited increased functional connectivity (FC) within the DMN and DAT compared to HCs.
• COMT gene variations were associated with altered FC within and between the DMN and DAT in children with ADHD.
• Specific patterns of FC were observed in valine carriers versus methionine homozygotes, both in ADHD and HC groups.

Conclusions:

• Brain connectivity within the DMN and DAT is increased in children with ADHD.
• COMT gene polymorphism significantly influences DMN and DAT connectivity in children with ADHD.
• These findings highlight the interplay between genetic factors and neural network alterations in ADHD pathogenesis.