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Effect of social development in reducing tuberculosis mortality In northeastern Brazil areas
Ana Angélica Rêgo Queiroz1, Thaís Zamboni Berra2, Alexandre Tadashi Inomata Bruce3
1Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. aninha_arego@hotmail.com.
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
|September 9, 2020
Summary
Higher social development is linked to lower tuberculosis (TB) mortality rates. This study highlights the importance of social improvements in reducing infectious disease deaths in Brazil.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Spatial Analysis
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death from infectious diseases, disproportionately affecting impoverished populations.
- Social determinants significantly influence health outcomes, including infectious disease mortality.
- Addressing social inequalities is crucial for reversing trends in TB mortality, particularly in regions like northeastern Brazil.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the spatial relationship between social development (SD) and tuberculosis (TB) mortality in Natal, Brazil.
- To analyze how variations in social development indicators correlate with TB mortality rates across different human development units (HDUs).
- To provide evidence supporting public health interventions that integrate social well-being and human development strategies.
Main Methods:
- Ecological study design utilizing TB mortality data from 2008-2014.
- Calculation of raw and smoothed TB mortality rates using the global empirical Bayes method.
- Development of SD indicators via principal components analysis and verification of association with TB mortality using multiple linear regression and spatial autocorrelation models.
Main Results:
- TB mortality rates exhibited a non-random spatial distribution, ranging from 0.52 to 8.90 per 100,000 inhabitants.
- A statistically significant negative association was identified between TB mortality and social development indicators (R² = 0.207; p = 0.03).
- The spatial lag model was selected for its superior fit, indicated by the highest log-likelihood value, lowest AIC, and highest R².
Conclusions:
- Higher levels of social development are associated with lower tuberculosis mortality rates.
- The findings underscore the critical role of social determinants in public health outcomes.
- This research supports integrated public health strategies that address social well-being and human development to combat infectious diseases like TB.
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