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Extracellular RNA: Emerging roles in cancer cell communication and biomarkers
Seokho Kim1, Ok Hee Jeon2, Young-Jun Jeon3
1Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) are a type of RNA molecules that present in various biological fluids. exRNAs are heterogenous populations including small (e.g., miRNA) and long non-coding RNAs and coding RNAs (e.g., mRNA). They can exist in a free form or associate with carriers range from lipo- and ribo-proteins to extracellular vesicles such as exosomes in the extracellular fluids. exRNAs participate in cell-to-cell communication to regulate a broad array of physiological and pathological processes. exRNAs have been widely studied as a biomarker for cancer and other diseases. In this review, we will discuss the sorts of exRNAs with potential carriers as well as their roles in cancer.
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