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Mycoplasma pneumonia and atypical acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy

Elie Saliba1, Alain Sayad2, Lama Alameddine2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Lebanese American University Medical Center - Rizk Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|September 13, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI) is a rare vasculitis typically affecting extremities. This case highlights an unusual trunk-onset AHEI in a child with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Dermatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI) is a rare, benign leukocytoclastic vasculitis.
  • Typically observed in children aged 4-24 months, it commonly affects distal extremities, face, and ears.

Observation:

  • An atypical case of AHEI is presented in a 1 year 5 month old boy.
  • The rash initially appeared on the trunk and back before spreading to the face and extremities.
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM was positive in the patient.

Findings:

  • The patient presented with an atypical, trunk-predominant rash.
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was identified as a potential trigger.
  • The rash resolved spontaneously within two weeks.

Implications:

  • This case expands the known clinical spectrum of AHEI.
  • It suggests Mycoplasma pneumoniae as a potential etiological factor in atypical AHEI presentations.
  • Highlights the importance of considering infectious triggers in vasculitic syndromes.

Keywords:
Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancyLeukocytoclastic vasculitisMycoplasma

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