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Craniofacial Anomaly Association with the Internal Malformations in the Pediatric Age Group in Al-Fallujah City-Iraq
Thaer M Farhan1, Basim A Al-Abdely2, Abdulrahman N Abdullateef3
1Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine-Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad-, Iraq.
Insights
Craniofacial anomalies affect 2% of Iraqi children, often linked to other congenital conditions like heart and kidney defects. Further research is needed for prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Medicine
- Medical Genetics
- Public Health
Background:
- Craniofacial anomalies represent a significant global health concern.
- Understanding their prevalence and associations is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of craniofacial anomalies in Iraqi children.
- To investigate the association between craniofacial anomalies and other congenital malformations.
Main Methods:
- A hospital-based cohort study was conducted in Fallujah, Iraq.
- The study included pediatric patients under 16 years old from January to April 2019.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of craniofacial anomalies was found to be 2%.
- 55% of cases (69%) were associated with other congenital malformations, including congenital heart disease (60%), renal diseases (16%), CNS anomalies (15%), and GIT anomalies (9%).
Conclusions:
- Craniofacial anomalies exhibit a higher prevalence in Iraq compared to global data.
- A significant proportion of these anomalies are linked to systemic congenital malformations, necessitating further investigation into risk factors and preventive measures.
Objectives:
To estimate the prevalence of craniofacial anomalies among Iraqi people and its association with other congenital malformations.
Methods:
A hospital-based cohort study. It was conducted in Iraq, Fallujah city from Jan 2019-April 2019. The pediatric age group below 16 years attending the consultation clinic.
Results:
The prevalence rate of craniofacial anomalies was 2%. There were 43 (54%) males and 37 (46%) females. A 55 cases (69%) out of total 80 cases have an association with other internal congenital malformations, and 25 cases (31%) have no association. Those associated internal malformations were categorized according to their types into congenital heart disease 33(60%), Renal diseases 9 (16%), CNS anomalies 8(15%), and GIT anomalies 5(9%).
Conclusions:
Craniofacial anomalies showed a relatively higher prevalence rate in comparison to other studies worldwide. It was found that the majority of craniofacial anomalies might be associated with other congenital systemic malformations. Furthermore, the necessary actions to identify the frequency and risk factors associated with craniofacial anomalies in the Iraqi population are emphasized to put a better strategy to establish future preventive programs and treatment.
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