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Dynamic measurement of orthodontic force using a tooth movement simulation system based on a wax model
Jianlei Wu1,2,3, Yunfeng Liu4,5, Dongcai Wang5
1Sino-German Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing, Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Summary
This study developed a method to measure dynamic orthodontic forces during simulated tooth movement. A novel glass fibre-reinforced shape memory polyurethane wire demonstrated the most consistent, light force delivery for better treatment planning.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthodontics
- Mechanical Engineering
Background:
- Current orthodontic force measurement is primarily static, limiting assessment to initial appliance forces.
- Dynamic force changes during tooth movement are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a technological method for measuring dynamic orthodontic forces.
- To simulate tooth movement and assess forces generated by various orthodontic wires.
Main Methods:
- Simulated canine tooth movement in a wax model using a force transducer.
- Tested forces from ordinary nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti), hyperelastic Ni-Ti, low-hysteresis (LH) Ti-Ni, and glass fibre-reinforced shape memory polyurethane (GFRSMPU) wires.
- Measured force changes after simulated tooth movement.
Main Results:
- Successful simulation of tooth movement with minimal deviation (0.2 mm).
- GFRSMPU wire exhibited the lowest force attenuation (40.17%), providing light, continuous force.
- Ordinary Ni-Ti wires resulted in higher tooth movement velocity.
Conclusions:
- Dynamic force measurement during simulated tooth movement is feasible.
- Findings support improved estimation of orthodontic treatment effects.
- The study offers insights for optimizing orthodontic treatment plans through better force assessment.
