A stand-alone magnetic guide for producing tuneable radical beams

Radicals are prevalent in gas-phase environments such as the atmosphere, combustion systems, and the interstellar medium. To understand the properties of the processes occurring in these environments, it is helpful to study radical reaction systems in isolation-thereby avoiding competing reactions from impurities. There are very few methods for generating a pure beam of gas-phase radicals, and those that do exist involve complex setups. Here, we provide a straightforward and versatile solution. A magnetic radical filter (MRF), composed of four Halbach arrays and two skimming blades, can generate a beam of velocity-selected low-field-seeking hydrogen atoms. As there is no line-of-sight through the device, all species that are unaffected by the magnetic fields are physically blocked; only the target radicals are successfully guided around the skimming blades. The positions of the arrays and blades can be adjusted, enabling the velocity distribution of the beam (and even the target radical species) to be modified. The MRF is employed as a stand-alone device-filtering radicals directly from the source. Our findings open up the prospect of studying a range of radical reaction systems with a high degree of control over the properties of the radical reactants.