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Animal behavioural resistance to parasites evolves differently than physiological resistance. New models reveal social interactions and infection detectability critically shape these evolutionary dynamics, leading to mixed strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Animal behaviour
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Behavioural resistance to parasites is common in animals.
  • The evolutionary dynamics of these strategies are poorly understood.
  • Existing theories for physiological resistance may not fully apply.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary dynamics of behavioural resistance to parasites.
  • To determine how behavioural processes influence these dynamics.
  • To compare evolutionary models of behavioural and physiological resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of evolutionary dynamics.
  • Analysis of social interaction costs and benefits.
  • Incorporation of infected individual detectability.

Main Results:

  • Theory for physiological resistance is applicable to behavioural resistance only in limited cases.
  • Behavioural processes, like infection detectability, create novel evolutionary dynamics.
  • The nature of social interaction costs and benefits strongly influences these dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Evolutionary models for behavioural resistance require explicit consideration of behavioural processes.
  • Social interactions and infection detectability are key drivers of evolutionary outcomes.
  • Mixed strategies balancing costs and benefits are a potential outcome of behavioural resistance evolution.