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Place Effects and Chronic Disease Rates in a Rural State: Evidence from a Triangulation of Methods.
Mohamed Shabani Kariburyo1, Lauri Andress2, Alan Collins1
1Division of Resource Economics and Management West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6108, USA.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|September 17, 2020
Summary
Food access disparities impact chronic disease rates. Hot spots correlate with lower disease rates, but urban income disparities complicate this, while rural cold spots show higher rates due to limited access and income barriers.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Spatial Analysis
Background:
- High chronic disease rates and nutritional polarization are significant public health concerns in the US.
- Spatial disparities in food access are often cited as a primary driver of nutritional inequalities.
- Understanding the complex relationship between food environment and health outcomes is crucial for effective policy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and analyze food provider hot and cold spots in West Virginia.
- To investigate the impact of these food access zones on diabetes and obesity rates using a quasi-experimental approach.
- To explore the interplay of food access, income, and chronic disease prevalence in different geographic settings.
Main Methods:
- Spatial analysis to detect food provider hot and cold spots.
- Quasi-experimental design utilizing entropy balancing.
- Statistical analysis to assess the association between food access zones and chronic disease rates (diabetes, obesity).
Main Results:
- Hot spots of food providers were associated with lower chronic disease rates compared to non-hot spots.
- Cold spots of food providers were associated with higher chronic disease rates compared to non-cold spots.
- Income-related chronic disease rates in urban hot spots suggest a "food swamp" effect, while rural cold spots show higher rates linked to both access and socioeconomic factors.
Conclusions:
- The relationship between food access, income, and chronic disease is complex and context-dependent.
- Urban "food swamps" may exacerbate health issues despite apparent food provider density.
- Rural health disparities are influenced by a combination of limited food access and socioeconomic barriers to healthy habits.
Keywords:
chronic diseasesfood environmentfood insecuritymatching methodsrural food accessspatial analysisMore Related Videos
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