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A whole-cell amperometric herbicide biosensor based on magnetically functionalised microalgae and screen-printed

Alsu I Zamaleeva1, Ilziya R Sharipova1, Rezeda V Shamagsumova2

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Researchers developed a novel amperometric whole-cell biosensor using magnetic nanoparticles to immobilize microalgae for rapid herbicide detection. This innovative method allows for sensitive and efficient analysis of environmental contaminants like atrazine and propazine.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biosensor Technology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Accurate and rapid detection of herbicides in the environment is crucial for ecological and human health.
  • Existing biosensor technologies often face challenges with cell immobilization and maintaining cellular activity.
  • Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) offer potential for efficient cell manipulation and biosensor fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate an amperometric whole-cell herbicide biosensor utilizing magnetic retention of microalgae.
  • To assess the efficacy of MNP-functionalized microalgae as a sensing element for herbicide detection.
  • To evaluate the biosensor's performance in detecting specific triazine herbicides, atrazine and propazine.

Main Methods:

  • Functionalization of Chlorella pyrenoidosa microalgae with biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs).
  • Immobilization of MNP-functionalized microalgae onto a screen-printed electrode using a permanent magnet.
  • Amperometric detection of ferricyanide ion current under alternating illumination to quantify herbicide presence.

Main Results:

  • The magnetic functionalization did not compromise microalgae viability or photosynthesis-mediated herbicide recognition.
  • The developed biosensor successfully detected atrazine within a concentration range of 0.9 to 74 µM (LOD 0.7 µM).
  • The biosensor detected propazine within a concentration range of 0.6 to 120 µM (LOD 0.4 µM).

Conclusions:

  • The MNP-based magnetic retention method provides efficient and reversible immobilization of whole cells for biosensing.
  • This approach enables fast and sensitive detection of triazine herbicides without affecting cellular metabolism.
  • The presented methodology holds broad applicability for developing various whole-cell biosensors.