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Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51
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RAD51: Beyond the break.

Isabel E Wassing1, Fumiko Esashi1

  • 1Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
|September 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RAD51 protein is crucial for repairing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and also plays a vital role in DNA replication and genomic stability, acting as a double-edged sword.

Keywords:
Double-stranded DNA breaksFork protectionHomologous recombinationRAD51Replicative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • RAD51 protein is the primary catalyst for homologous recombination (HR) in vertebrates.
  • Its role in repairing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is well-established.
  • Emerging research highlights RAD51's broader functions in DNA metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the functions of RAD51 beyond homologous recombination.
  • To focus on the interplay between RAD51, DNA replication, and genomic stability.
  • To elucidate the dual role of RAD51 in maintaining genome integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in RAD51 research.
  • Analysis of studies investigating RAD51's involvement in DNA replication.
  • Examination of evidence linking RAD51 to genomic stability.

Main Results:

  • RAD51 participates in DNA replication processes.
  • RAD51's functions extend beyond DSB repair, influencing overall DNA metabolism.
  • RAD51 activity can promote or hinder genomic stability, depending on the context.

Conclusions:

  • RAD51 is a critical protein with multifaceted roles in DNA metabolism.
  • Understanding RAD51's functions beyond HR is essential for comprehending genomic stability.
  • RAD51 acts as a double-edged sword, highlighting the complexity of its roles in DNA repair and replication.