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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Behavioral-immune-system research explains pathogen avoidance based on visible disease cues.
  • Limited understanding exists on regulating exposure to asymptomatic pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if interpersonal value influences pathogen avoidance behaviors.
  • To investigate the role of social value in regulating infection risk.

Main Methods:

  • Three studies were conducted with U.S. samples (N = 1,694).
  • Participants' aversion to infection-risky behaviors was assessed in relation to targets (friends, foes, strangers).
  • Interpersonal value was measured continuously and in relation to relationship categories.

Main Results:

  • Individuals showed less aversion to infection-risky acts with friends versus foes.
  • Honest and agreeable strangers elicited less aversion than dishonest/disagreeable ones.
  • Higher interpersonal value correlated with greater comfort in infection-risky situations.

Conclusions:

  • Social prophylactic motivations are influenced by interpersonal value, not solely by infectiousness cues.
  • Relaxed contamination aversions towards valued social partners may facilitate pathogen transmission.
  • Understanding social value's role is crucial for predicting disease spread in networks.