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Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Dynamics of Eukaryotic DNA Replication Through Single-Molecule Visualization
Published on: September 27, 2024
The DNA replication fork suppresses CMG unloading from chromatin before termination.
Emily Low1, Gheorghe Chistol1, Manal S Zaher1
1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
DNA suppresses CMG helicase ubiquitylation during replication. Upon fork convergence, this suppression is relieved, triggering CMG (Cdc45-MCM2-7-GINS) unloading from chromatin.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cellular Biology
- DNA Replication
Background:
- Replication termination involves CMG (Cdc45-MCM2-7-GINS) helicase unloading.
- This process is mediated by CRL2Lrr1 ubiquitylation and p97 ATPase activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the signal triggering CMG unloading at converging replication forks.
- To elucidate the mechanism of CMG removal from chromatin.
Main Methods:
- Single-molecule approaches
- Ensemble biochemical assays
- Xenopus egg extracts
Main Results:
- Converging CMGs translocate past each other before unloading.
- CMG unloading is independent of nascent strand synthesis.
- DNA suppresses CMG ubiquitylation; convergence relieves this suppression.
Conclusions:
- DNA's presence inhibits CMG ubiquitylation during elongation.
- Replication fork convergence relieves DNA-mediated suppression, initiating CMG ubiquitylation and unloading.
- CMG unloading is a DNA-dependent process regulated by fork convergence.
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