Modulation of electronic structures in two-dimensional electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Catalysis

Background:

• The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial for sustainable hydrogen production via water electrolysis.
• Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer high surface area and efficient charge transport, making them promising for HER electrocatalysts.
• Optimizing the electronic structure of earth-abundant catalysts is vital for improving HER activity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review recent advancements in modulating the electronic structures of 2D HER electrocatalysts.
• To discuss the impact of electronic structure modifications on intrinsic HER activity.
• To provide guidance for designing efficient electrocatalysts for scalable hydrogen production.

Main Methods:

• Elemental doping
• Formation of alloyed structures
• Defect engineering
• Facet engineering
• Phase regulation
• Interface engineering
• Hybridization with 2D substrates

Main Results:

• Various strategies effectively modulate the electronic structures of 2D HER electrocatalysts.
• Modifications significantly influence the intrinsic HER activity and overall performance.
• Electronic structure plays a critical role in optimizing catalyst efficiency.

Conclusions:

• Rational modulation of electronic structures is a powerful approach for enhancing 2D HER electrocatalyst performance.
• The reviewed strategies offer pathways for developing highly active and stable electrocatalysts.
• This work provides insights for the future design of catalysts for economic hydrogen production.