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Cross-Morpheme Generalization Using a Complexity Approach in School-Age Children.

Stephanie De Anda1, Megan Blossom2, Alyson D Abel3

  • 1Communication Disorders and Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Targeting complex grammatical structures like auxiliary BE in questions can improve tense and agreement skills in children with language deficits. This approach may facilitate earlier intervention for morphosyntactic challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Children with developmental language disorders often exhibit deficits in morphosyntax, specifically in tense and agreement.
  • Traditional intervention approaches may focus on simpler grammatical structures, potentially delaying progress for complex targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a complexity approach to grammatical intervention by targeting a complex tense and agreement structure (auxiliary BE in questions).
  • To determine if targeting complex structures leads to generalization of skills to less complex and related grammatical markers.
  • To examine the impact of this intervention on expressive language skills, such as mean length of utterance.

Main Methods:

  • A single-case study design was employed with three young boys (aged 5;5-9;7) diagnosed with morphosyntactic deficits.
  • A treatment program focused on auxiliary BE in questions, with data collected via multiple baselines before, during, and after intervention.
  • Performance was assessed across three tasks, tracking the target structure and related tense and agreement markers.

Main Results:

  • All three children successfully elicited the complex target structure, even with incomplete mastery of the broader tense and agreement system.
  • Generalization to expressive language was observed, with an approximate one-morpheme increase in mean length of utterance during spontaneous speech.
  • Individualized patterns of generalization to untargeted tense and agreement structures were evident in all participants.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that complex grammatical targets can be introduced earlier in intervention than previously assumed.
  • Observed functional changes support the potential efficacy of the complexity approach for improving morphosyntax.
  • Further controlled studies are warranted to establish a definitive cause-effect relationship.