Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Open and closed-loop control systems01:17

Open and closed-loop control systems

1.4K
Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal...
1.4K
Feedback control systems01:26

Feedback control systems

589
Feedback control systems are categorized in various ways based on their design, analysis, and signal types.
Linear feedback systems are theoretical models that simplify analysis and design. These systems operate under the principle that their output is directly proportional to their input within certain ranges. For instance, an amplifier in a control system behaves linearly as long as the input signal remains within a specific range. However, most physical systems exhibit inherent nonlinearity...
589
Control Systems: Applications01:25

Control Systems: Applications

990
Electrical engineering plays a pivotal role in our daily lives, with control systems at the heart of many applications, from home appliances to sophisticated space shuttles. Control systems manage and regulate the behavior of devices and processes, ensuring they function safely, correctly, and efficiently.
In modern vehicles, control systems manage various functions to enhance performance and safety. The steering wheel and accelerator are primary inputs in a car's control system. The...
990
Design Example: Forces in Sluice Gate01:11

Design Example: Forces in Sluice Gate

2.4K
In hydraulic engineering, sluice gates are essential for managing water flow through channels, reservoirs, and irrigation systems. Sluice gates, acting as vertical barriers, regulate water by adjusting the gate's opening height, which changes the velocity and pressure of water flowing beneath the gate. Understanding the forces involved is crucial to designing sluice gates that can withstand dynamic pressure differences, especially when the gate is closed or partially open.
Key variables in...
2.4K
Hybrid Zones02:29

Hybrid Zones

21.5K
Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
21.5K
Control Systems01:10

Control Systems

1.7K
Control systems are everywhere in contemporary society, influencing diverse applications from aerospace to automated manufacturing. These systems can be found naturally within biological processes, such as blood sugar regulation and heart rate adjustment in response to stress, as well as in man-made systems like elevators and automated vehicles. A control system is essentially a network of subsystems and processes that collaboratively convert specific inputs into desired outputs.
At the heart...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Synergistic Effects of Nanoparticles and Surface Anchoring on Fine-Tuning the Photonic Bandgap in Blue Phase Liquid Crystals.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Effects of swLORETA Z-score neurofeedback in Z-coherence of the fronto-limbic circuit in patients with major depressive disorder.

Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging·2026
Same author

Formononetin protects against oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity via Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway without impairing anticancer efficacy.

Neurotoxicology·2025
Same author

Achromatic linear polarization rotator for optical communication wavelength range.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Molecular simulation and artificial intelligence for the circular economy of bioenergy and bioproducts.

Biophysical journal·2025
Same author

High contrast-ratio cholesteric liquid crystal reflective display based on lying helix structure.

Optics express·2025
Same journal

Correction: Yang et al. Microstructural Characteristics of High-Pressure Die Casting with High Strength-Ductility Synergy Properties: A Review. <i>Materials</i> 2023, <i>16</i>, 1954.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Effect of La and Ce Microalloying on the Corrosion Resistance of 0.4Sb Low-Alloy Steel in a Harsh Marine Atmospheric Environment.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

High-Temperature Properties of Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Cement Modified with Gold Tailings.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

A Study on the Evolution of Intermetallic Phase Microstructure and High-Temperature Creep Behavior in Mg-8.0Al-1.0Nd-1.5Gd-Mn Alloys.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Material-Driven Clinical Complications in Mechanical Circulatory Support: From Blood-Material Interactions to Device-Related Adverse Events.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Influence of Final Irrigation on Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer Dentinal Tubular Penetration: A Systematic Review.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface
11:54

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface

Published on: May 8, 2021

4.9K

Smart Window with Active-Passive Hybrid Control.

Heng-Yi Tseng1, Li-Min Chang1, Kuan-Wu Lin1

  • 1Department of Photonics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel hybrid smart window combining photochromic and electrical control for adjustable dimming and scattering. This advanced window offers four stable optical states for enhanced light and privacy management.

Keywords:
cholesteric liquid crystalphotochromic dichroic dyesmart window

More Related Videos

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research
08:35

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Published on: November 24, 2021

2.8K
WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control
08:18

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control

Published on: August 15, 2020

5.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface
11:54

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface

Published on: May 8, 2021

4.9K
Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research
08:35

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Published on: November 24, 2021

2.8K
WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control
08:18

WheelCon: A Wheel Control-Based Gaming Platform for Studying Human Sensorimotor Control

Published on: August 15, 2020

5.3K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Smart windows offer adjustable sunlight control and privacy.
  • Existing technologies often lack integrated photo- and electrical-control mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a hybrid smart window with both photo- and electrical controllability.
  • To achieve tunable light transmittance and scattering properties.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a smart window using salt and photochromic dichroic dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal.
  • Utilizing photochromic dye for passive dimming upon sunlight exposure.
  • Employing low- and high-frequency voltage pulses for bi-stable switching between transparent and scattering states.

Main Results:

  • The developed smart window exhibits four stable optical states: transparent, scattering, dark clear, and dark opaque.
  • Photochromic dye enables passive dimming in response to sunlight intensity.
  • Electrical control allows active adjustment of haze for privacy.

Conclusions:

  • The hybrid smart window effectively integrates passive dimming and active haze control.
  • This technology offers versatile optical states for dynamic environmental and privacy management.
  • The stable, controllable states pave the way for advanced architectural and automotive applications.