Distribution and relative expression of vasoactive receptors on arteries

Arterial tone is regulated by multiple ligand-receptor interactions, and its dysregulation is involved in ischemic conditions such as acute coronary spasm or syndrome. Understanding the distribution of vasoactive receptors on different arteries may help guide the development of tissue-specific vasoactive treatments against arterial dysfunction. Tissues were harvested from coronary, mesenteric, pulmonary, renal and peripheral human artery (n = 6 samples of each) and examined using a human antibody array to determine the expression of 29 vasoactive receptors and 3 endothelin ligands. Across all types of arteries, outer diameter ranged from 2.24 ± 0.63 to 3.65 ± 0.40 mm, and AVPR1A was the most abundant receptor. The expression level of AVPR1A in pulmonary artery was similar to that in renal artery, 2.2 times that in mesenteric artery, 1.9 times that in peripheral artery, and 2.2 times that in coronary artery. Endothelin-1 was expressed at significantly higher levels in pulmonary artery than peripheral artery (8.8 times), mesenteric artery (5.3 times), renal artery (7.9 times), and coronary artery (2.4 times). Expression of ADRA2B was significantly higher in coronary artery than peripheral artery. Immunohistochemistry revealed abundant ADRA2B in coronary artery, especially vessels with diameters below 50 μm, but not in myocardium. ADRA2C, in contrast, was expressed in both myocardium and blood vessels. The high expression of ADRA2B in coronary artery but not myocardium highlights the need to further characterize its function. Our results help establish the distribution and relative levels of tone-related receptors in different types of arteries, which may guide artery-specific treatments.