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Parental Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence-Driven Precision Medicine Technologies in Pediatric Healthcare
Bryan A Sisk1, Alison L Antes2, Sara Burrous3
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Insights
Parents show moderate openness to artificial intelligence (AI) in pediatric care but have key concerns regarding quality, privacy, and the human element. Addressing these concerns can foster greater acceptance of AI technologies in healthcare.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Healthcare Technology
- Bioethics and AI
- Health Informatics
Background:
- Precision medicine increasingly utilizes artificial intelligence (AI)-driven technologies.
- Ethical and practical concerns accompany the integration of AI in healthcare.
- Understanding parental perspectives on AI in child healthcare is crucial for adoption.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a measure assessing parental openness to AI-driven technologies in pediatric healthcare.
- To identify and quantify parental concerns regarding AI in their child's medical care.
- To explore associations between parental openness to AI and various demographic, attitudinal, and personality factors.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional survey design with two rounds of data collection for exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.
- Development of a 12-item measure for parental openness and a 33-item measure for parental concerns about AI in child healthcare.
- Multivariable linear regression analysis to evaluate factors associated with parental openness.
Main Results:
- Parents reported a mean openness score of 3.4/5 to AI-driven technologies in their child's healthcare.
- Seven key parental concerns were identified: quality/accuracy, privacy, shared decision-making, convenience, cost, human element of care, and social justice.
- Parental openness was positively associated with perceived quality, convenience, cost, faith in technology, and trust in health information systems; it was negatively associated with the importance of shared decision-making and being female.
Conclusions:
- Parental openness to AI in pediatric healthcare is moderate, influenced by specific concerns and beliefs.
- Addressing parental concerns related to quality, privacy, cost, and the human element is vital for developers.
- Strategies that enhance trust and address decision-making dynamics can improve the acceptance of AI technologies in child healthcare.
Abstract:
Precision medicine relies upon artificial intelligence (AI)-driven technologies that raise ethical and practical concerns. In this study, we developed and validated a measure of parental openness and concerns with AI-driven technologies in their child's healthcare. In this cross-sectional survey, we enrolled parents of children <18 years in 2 rounds for exploratory (n = 418) and confirmatory (n = 386) factor analysis. We developed a 12-item measure of parental openness to AI-driven technologies, and a 33-item measure identifying concerns that parents found important when considering these technologies. We also evaluated associations between openness and attitudes, beliefs, personality traits, and demographics. Parents (N = 804) reported mean openness to AI-driven technologies of M = 3.4/5, SD = 0.9. We identified seven concerns that parents considered important when evaluating these technologies: quality/accuracy, privacy, shared decision making, convenience, cost, human element of care, and social justice. In multivariable linear regression, parental openness was positively associated with quality (beta = 0.23), convenience (beta = 0.16), and cost (beta = 0.11), as well as faith in technology (beta = 0.23) and trust in health information systems (beta = 0.12). Parental openness was negatively associated with the perceived importance of shared decision making (beta = -0.16) and being female (beta = -0.12). Developers might support parental openness by addressing these concerns during the development and implementation of novel AI-driven technologies.
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