Stokes-Mueller method for comprehensive characterization of coherent terahertz waves

Area of Science:

• Optics and Photonics
• Quantum Electronics
• Spectroscopy

Background:

• Coherent terahertz (THz) pulse characterization is crucial for understanding light-matter interactions.
• Current methods often face limitations in dynamic range, spatial, and temporal resolution.
• Full characterization requires detailed information on the THz electric field's amplitude and direction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and demonstrate a new approach for complete terahertz pulse characterization.
• To enable measurement of the full temporal and spatial variation of coherent THz fields.
• To achieve high dynamic range and detailed polarization state analysis.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing the Stokes-Mueller formalism for polarization analysis.
• Employing electro-optic sampling with a polarization state analyzer.
• Implementing a simple optical configuration for THz field measurement.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated measurement of the full temporal and spatial variation of coherent THz fields.
• Achieved high dynamic range in THz electric field characterization.
• Showcased the ability to analyze the polarization state of THz pulses.

Conclusions:

• The proposed Stokes-Mueller formalism offers a robust method for THz pulse characterization.
• This technique provides comprehensive information on THz electric fields with high sensitivity and resolution.
• The simple configuration and potential for thick crystals enhance practical applications in THz science.